The city of Birjand is located of Iran and South of the Khorasan Province. Birjand is the center of South Khorasan Province.

It is surrounded: on the south by Nehbandan, on the north by Ghaen, on the east by the country of Afganistan and on the west by Tabas and Ferdows. The center of this city is 59' 13" east and 32' 53" north.

According to recent division of the country, the area of Birjand is 31,704 square kilometers and consists of the following major towns: Birjand, Khusof, Sarbisheh, Asadieh, and 4 parts;

Markazi and Darmiyan. In total there are 18 townships and 1197 villages. The altitude of Birjand is 1470 meters above sea level. The distance from Birjand to Mashhad , Zahedan and Tehran is respective 486, 457 and 1320 kilometers.